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Perfect Tense - Which auxiliary? |
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The following verbs, describing changes in height, also take the auxiliary zijn:
stijgen
| > ik ben gestegen | I have gone up | dalen
| > ik ben gedaald | I have gone down | toenemen
| > het is toegenomen | it has increased | afnemen
| > het is afgenomen | it has decreased | vallen
| > ik ben gevallen | I have fallen | opstaan
| > ik ben opgestaan | I have stood up |
The following verbs, describing the start or finish of actions, also take the auxiliary zijn:
slagen
| > ik ben geslaagd | I have passed (exam) | zakken
| > ik ben gezakt | I have failed (exam) | lukken
| > het is gelukt | it has come out well | beginnen
| > ik ben begonnen | I have begun | starten
| > ik ben gestart | I have started | ophouden
| > ik ben opgehouden
| I have quit | stoppen
| > ik ben gestopt | I have stopped | eindigen
| > het is geëindigd | it has ended | overlijden
| > ze zijn overleden | they have passed away | sterven
| > ze zijn gestorven | they have died |
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